kaggle--->R

R está enfoncado en:

• Estadística.
• Cálculo numérico: vector

"Hola mundo desde R"

'Hola mundo desde R'

# R es como una calculadora
# Suma
5 + 5
# Mult
3 * 3
# Division
20 / 5
# Potencia
3 ** 2
# Residuo (%%)
21 %% 5

10

9

4

9

1

# Cadenas de texto
"Hola mundo"

'Hola mundo'

# Varibles
# =: asignacion
x = 5
x

5

# <-: En R: significa tambien asignacion
y <- 5
y

5

"Hola" * 2

Error in "Hola" * 2: non-numeric argument to binary operator
Traceback:

CLASE EXTRA

Lo que veremos

• Bucles y condicionales
• Vectores
• Secuencias

# Operadores de comparacion

# distinto de
0 != 1

# igual a
0 == 1

# menor o igual
10 <= 20

TRUE

FALSE

TRUE

# Booleanos
# En Python: True, False
T
F

TRUE

FALSE

TRUE

FALSE

TRUE

FALSE

# Operadores logicos
# AND---->&
T & T

TRUE

# OR:  |
F | F

FALSE

# not: !
!F

TRUE

• En Python input(): solicita información al usuario. float("5")-->5

• En Rreadline(): solicita información al usuario. as.numeric("5")--->5

edad <- as.numeric(readline(prompt="Ingrese su edad: "))
edad * 100

1000

"bienvenido a la calculadora de áreas de círculos"
r <- as.numeric(readline(prompt="Ingrese el valor del radio"))

# Calculo del area
area  <- pi * r ^ 2

area

'bienvenido a la calculadora de áreas de círculos'

314.159265358979

If anidado en Python:

cal = 8.5

if cal>=0 and cal<=10:
  # condicion1
  if cal<6:
    # Accion1:
    print("Reprobado")
  # condicion2
  elif cal>=6 and cal<8:
    # accion2
    print("Bien")
  # condicion3
  elif cal>=8 and cal<9.5:
    # accion2
    print("Muy bien") 
  else:
    print("Excelente")
else:
  print("La calificación debe ser mayor o igual a cero y menor o igual a 10")

cal <- as.numeric(readline(prompt="Ingrese calificación: "))

if (cal >= 0 & cal <= 10){
    
    if (cal < 6){
        "Reprobado"
    # En vez de escribir elif vamos a escribir else if
    } else if (cal >= 6 & cal < 8){
        "Bien"
    } else if (cal >= 8 & cal < 9.5){
        "Muy bien"
    } else {
        "Excelente"
    }
} else {
    "Calificación errónea"
}

'Excelente'

Estructura dle if en Python:

if <condicion>:
    # accion 1
else:
    # accion 2

Estructura básica en R:

if (<condicion>){
    # accion 1
} else{
    # accion 2
}

En kaggle R

if (condicion){
    # accion1
} else {
    # accion 2
}

'bien'

Bucles

• For: Repetir una acción un número determinado de veces
• While: Repetir una acción mientras una condición sea verdadera

for (recorrido) {
    # accion a repetir
}

# variable auxiliar del bucle: i
# c(): define vectores o rangos de numeros
# c(1,2,3)
# Primera vuelta: i=1 ---> print("Hola")
# Segunda vuelta: i=2 ---> print("Hola")
# Tercer vuelta: i=3 ---> print("Hola")
for (i in c(1,2,3, 40)){
    # Accion a repetir
    print("hola")
}

[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"

for (i in c(10,100)){
    # Accion a repetir
    print("hola")
}

[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"

for (i in c(1,2,3)){
    # Accion a repetir
    print(i ** 2)
}

[1] 1
[1] 4
[1] 9

c(1:100)

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. 8
9. 9
10. 10
11. 11
12. 12
13. 13
14. 14
15. 15
16. 16
17. 17
18. 18
19. 19
20. 20
21. 21
22. 22
23. 23
24. 24
25. 25
26. 26
27. 27
28. 28
29. 29
30. 30
31. 31
32. 32
33. 33
34. 34
35. 35
36. 36
37. 37
38. 38
39. 39
40. 40
41. 41
42. 42
43. 43
44. 44
45. 45
46. 46
47. 47
48. 48
49. 49
50. 50
51. 51
52. 52
53. 53
54. 54
55. 55
56. 56
57. 57
58. 58
59. 59
60. 60
61. 61
62. 62
63. 63
64. 64
65. 65
66. 66
67. 67
68. 68
69. 69
70. 70
71. 71
72. 72
73. 73
74. 74
75. 75
76. 76
77. 77
78. 78
79. 79
80. 80
81. 81
82. 82
83. 83
84. 84
85. 85
86. 86
87. 87
88. 88
89. 89
90. 90
91. 91
92. 92
93. 93
94. 94
95. 95
96. 96
97. 97
98. 98
99. 99
100. 100

# forma 1: 
vect1 <- c(1,10,5, 90)
vect2 <- c(-10: 10)

vect1
vect2

1. 1
2. 10
3. 5
4. 90

1. -10
2. -9
3. -8
4. -7
5. -6
6. -5
7. -4
8. -3
9. -2
10. -1
11. 0
12. 1
13. 2
14. 3
15. 4
16. 5
17. 6
18. 7
19. 8
20. 9
21. 10

# forma 2:
-10:10

1. -10
2. -9
3. -8
4. -7
5. -6
6. -5
7. -4
8. -3
9. -2
10. -1
11. 0
12. 1
13. 2
14. 3
15. 4
16. 5
17. 6
18. 7
19. 8
20. 9
21. 10

# Forma 3
seq(1, 20)

1:20

c(1:20)

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. 8
9. 9
10. 10
11. 11
12. 12
13. 13
14. 14
15. 15
16. 16
17. 17
18. 18
19. 19
20. 20

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. 8
9. 9
10. 10
11. 11
12. 12
13. 13
14. 14
15. 15
16. 16
17. 17
18. 18
19. 19
20. 20

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. 8
9. 9
10. 10
11. 11
12. 12
13. 13
14. 14
15. 15
16. 16
17. 17
18. 18
19. 19
20. 20

seq(1,20, 0.5)

1. 1
2. 1.5
3. 2
4. 2.5
5. 3
6. 3.5
7. 4
8. 4.5
9. 5
10. 5.5
11. 6
12. 6.5
13. 7
14. 7.5
15. 8
16. 8.5
17. 9
18. 9.5
19. 10
20. 10.5
21. 11
22. 11.5
23. 12
24. 12.5
25. 13
26. 13.5
27. 14
28. 14.5
29. 15
30. 15.5
31. 16
32. 16.5
33. 17
34. 17.5
35. 18
36. 18.5
37. 19
38. 19.5
39. 20

for (i in c(1:100)){
    # Accion a repetir
    print(i ** 2)
}

[1] 1
[1] 4
[1] 9
[1] 16
[1] 25
[1] 36
[1] 49
[1] 64
[1] 81
[1] 100
[1] 121
[1] 144
[1] 169
[1] 196
[1] 225
[1] 256
[1] 289
[1] 324
[1] 361
[1] 400
[1] 441
[1] 484
[1] 529
[1] 576
[1] 625
[1] 676
[1] 729
[1] 784
[1] 841
[1] 900
[1] 961
[1] 1024
[1] 1089
[1] 1156
[1] 1225
[1] 1296
[1] 1369
[1] 1444
[1] 1521
[1] 1600
[1] 1681
[1] 1764
[1] 1849
[1] 1936
[1] 2025
[1] 2116
[1] 2209
[1] 2304
[1] 2401
[1] 2500
[1] 2601
[1] 2704
[1] 2809
[1] 2916
[1] 3025
[1] 3136
[1] 3249
[1] 3364
[1] 3481
[1] 3600
[1] 3721
[1] 3844
[1] 3969
[1] 4096
[1] 4225
[1] 4356
[1] 4489
[1] 4624
[1] 4761
[1] 4900
[1] 5041
[1] 5184
[1] 5329
[1] 5476
[1] 5625
[1] 5776
[1] 5929
[1] 6084
[1] 6241
[1] 6400
[1] 6561
[1] 6724
[1] 6889
[1] 7056
[1] 7225
[1] 7396
[1] 7569
[1] 7744
[1] 7921
[1] 8100
[1] 8281
[1] 8464
[1] 8649
[1] 8836
[1] 9025
[1] 9216
[1] 9409
[1] 9604
[1] 9801
[1] 10000

for (i in seq(1,2, 0.1)){
    # Accion a repetir
    print(i ** 2)
}

[1] 1
[1] 1.21
[1] 1.44
[1] 1.69
[1] 1.96
[1] 2.25
[1] 2.56
[1] 2.89
[1] 3.24
[1] 3.61
[1] 4

v1 <- c(1,3,5)
v2 <- c(2,4,6)
v1 * v2

1. 2
2. 12
3. 30

v1 + v2

1. 3
2. 7
3. 11

v1 ** v2

1. 1
2. 81
3. 15625

v1 %% v2

1. 1
2. 3
3. 5

length(v10)

199

v10 <- seq(1, 100, 0.5)
v10

1. 1
2. 1.5
3. 2
4. 2.5
5. 3
6. 3.5
7. 4
8. 4.5
9. 5
10. 5.5
11. 6
12. 6.5
13. 7
14. 7.5
15. 8
16. 8.5
17. 9
18. 9.5
19. 10
20. 10.5
21. 11
22. 11.5
23. 12
24. 12.5
25. 13
26. 13.5
27. 14
28. 14.5
29. 15
30. 15.5
31. 16
32. 16.5
33. 17
34. 17.5
35. 18
36. 18.5
37. 19
38. 19.5
39. 20
40. 20.5
41. 21
42. 21.5
43. 22
44. 22.5
45. 23
46. 23.5
47. 24
48. 24.5
49. 25
50. 25.5
51. 26
52. 26.5
53. 27
54. 27.5
55. 28
56. 28.5
57. 29
58. 29.5
59. 30
60. 30.5
61. 31
62. 31.5
63. 32
64. 32.5
65. 33
66. 33.5
67. 34
68. 34.5
69. 35
70. 35.5
71. 36
72. 36.5
73. 37
74. 37.5
75. 38
76. 38.5
77. 39
78. 39.5
79. 40
80. 40.5
81. 41
82. 41.5
83. 42
84. 42.5
85. 43
86. 43.5
87. 44
88. 44.5
89. 45
90. 45.5
91. 46
92. 46.5
93. 47
94. 47.5
95. 48
96. 48.5
97. 49
98. 49.5
99. 50
100. 50.5
101. 51
102. 51.5
103. 52
104. 52.5
105. 53
106. 53.5
107. 54
108. 54.5
109. 55
110. 55.5
111. 56
112. 56.5
113. 57
114. 57.5
115. 58
116. 58.5
117. 59
118. 59.5
119. 60
120. 60.5
121. 61
122. 61.5
123. 62
124. 62.5
125. 63
126. 63.5
127. 64
128. 64.5
129. 65
130. 65.5
131. 66
132. 66.5
133. 67
134. 67.5
135. 68
136. 68.5
137. 69
138. 69.5
139. 70
140. 70.5
141. 71
142. 71.5
143. 72
144. 72.5
145. 73
146. 73.5
147. 74
148. 74.5
149. 75
150. 75.5
151. 76
152. 76.5
153. 77
154. 77.5
155. 78
156. 78.5
157. 79
158. 79.5
159. 80
160. 80.5
161. 81
162. 81.5
163. 82
164. 82.5
165. 83
166. 83.5
167. 84
168. 84.5
169. 85
170. 85.5
171. 86
172. 86.5
173. 87
174. 87.5
175. 88
176. 88.5
177. 89
178. 89.5
179. 90
180. 90.5
181. 91
182. 91.5
183. 92
184. 92.5
185. 93
186. 93.5
187. 94
188. 94.5
189. 95
190. 95.5
191. 96
192. 96.5
193. 97
194. 97.5
195. 98
196. 98.5
197. 99
198. 99.5
199. 100

# promedio de las entradas del vector
mean(v10)

50.5

v11 <- c(3,1,0)
# orden ascendente
sort(v11)

1. 0
2. 1
3. 3

# Orden descendente
sort(v11, decreasing = TRUE)

1. 3
2. 1
3. 0

length(v11)

3

# Contador
n <- 0
n

0

n <- 1
n

1

n <- 2
n

2

k <- 0
#    0 + 1
#    1
# k <- 1
k <- k + 1
#    1 + 1
# k <- 2
k <- k + 1
k

2

while (condicion){
    # accion a repetir
}

count <- 0

while (count < 10){
    print("hola")
    count <- count + 1
}
"Por fin el bucle terminó"

[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"
[1] "hola"

'Por fin el bucle terminó'

1:10

c(1:10)

seq(1, 10, 0.5)

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. 8
9. 9
10. 10

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4
5. 5
6. 6
7. 7
8. 8
9. 9
10. 10

1. 1
2. 1.5
3. 2
4. 2.5
5. 3
6. 3.5
7. 4
8. 4.5
9. 5
10. 5.5
11. 6
12. 6.5
13. 7
14. 7.5
15. 8
16. 8.5
17. 9
18. 9.5
19. 10